Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity Calculator

Calculate density, specific gravity, and specific weight of substances. Includes formulas for mass per unit volume, relative density compared to water or air, and weight per unit volume.

Density Calculator

Density is mass per unit volume (ρ = m / V). Choose your calculation type below.

Calculator

Inputs

Calculation Type

Mass (kg)

Volume (m³)

Results

Density-- kg/m³

Specific Gravity Calculator

Specific Gravity (SG) is the ratio of substance density to water density (dimensionless).

For liquids/solids: SG = ρ_substance / ρ_water

For gases: SG = ρ_gas / ρ_air

Calculator

Inputs

Specific Gravity Type

Substance Density (kg/m³)

Reference Density (Water: 1000 kg/m³, Air: 1.204 kg/m³) (kg/m³)

Results

Specific Gravity--

Specific Weight Calculator

Specific Weight (γ) is weight (force) per unit volume: γ = ρ × g

where g = 9.807 m/s² (SI) or 32.174 ft/s² (Imperial)

Calculator

Inputs

Density (kg/m³)

Gravity Acceleration (m/s²)

Results

Specific Weight-- N/m³

Specific Weight (kN/m³)-- kN/m³

Substance	Specific Gravity (SG)
Acetylene	0.0017
Air, dry	0.0013
Alcohol	0.82
Aluminum	2.72
Brass	8.48
Cadmium	8.57
Chromium	7.03
Copper	8.79
Carbon dioxide	0.00198
Carbon monoxide	0.00126
Cast iron	7.2
Hydrogen	0.00009
Lead	11.35
Mercury	13.59
Nickel	8.73
Nitrogen	0.00125
Nylon	1.12
Oxygen	0.00143
Paraffin	0.8
Petrol	0.72
PVC	1.36
Rubber	0.96
Steel	7.82
Tin	7.28
Zinc	7.12
Water (4 °C)	1
Water, sea	1.027
Wood, Oak	0.77

Material	Specific Weight (lb/ft³)	Specific Weight (kN/m³)
Aluminum	172	27
Brass	540	84.5
Carbon tetrachloride	99.4	15.6
Copper	570	89
Ethyl Alcohol	49.3	7.74
Gasoline	42.5	6.67
Glycerin	78.6	12.4
Kerosene	50	7.9
Mercury	847	133.7
SAE 20 Motor Oil	57	8.95
Seawater	63.9	10.03
Stainless Steel	505.5	79
Water	62.4	9.81
Wrought Iron	486.5	76

Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity Calculator | MEPKit Engineering Tools | MEPKit