Emissivity Coefficients of Common Materials: Data & Reference Guide

The radiation heat transfer emissivity coefficients for common materials. The emissivity coefficient (ε) indicates the radiation of heat from a 'grey body' according to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, compared with an ideal 'black body' (ε = 1). Emissivity values are based on a reference temperature of 300 K.

Surface Material	Emissivity Coefficient (ε)
Alloy 24ST Polished	0.09
Alumina, Flame sprayed	0.8
Aluminum Commercial sheet	0.09
Aluminum Foil	0.04
Aluminum Heavily Oxidized	0.2 - 0.31
Aluminum Highly Polished	0.039 - 0.057
Aluminum Anodized	0.77
Aluminum Rough	0.07
Aluminum paint	0.27 - 0.67
Anodize black	0.88
Antimony, polished	0.28 - 0.31
Asbestos board	0.96
Asbestos paper	0.93 - 0.945
Asphalt	0.93
Basalt	0.72
Beryllium	0.18
Beryllium, Anodized	0.9
Bismuth, bright	0.34
Black Body Matt	1
Black lacquer on iron	0.875
Black Parson Optical	0.95
Black Silicone Paint	0.93
Black Epoxy Paint	0.89
Black Enamel Paint	0.8
Brass Dull Plate	0.22
Brass Rolled Plate Natural Surface	0.06
Brass Polished	0.03
Brass Oxidized 600 oC	0.6
Brick, red rough	0.93
Brick, fire-clay	0.75
Cadmium	0.02
Carbon, not oxidized	0.81
Carbon filament	0.77
Carbon pressed filled surface	0.98
Cast Iron, newly turned	0.44
Cast Iron, turned and heated	0.60 - 0.70
Cement	0.54
Cromium polished	0.058
Clay	0.91
Coal	0.8
Concrete	0.85
Concrete, rough	0.94
Concrete tiles	0.63
Cotton cloth	0.77
Copper electroplated	0.03
Copper heated and covered with thick oxide layer	0.78
Copper Polished	0.023 - 0.052
Copper Nickel Alloy, polished	0.059
Glass smooth	0.92 - 0.94
Glass, pyrex	0.85 - 0.95
Glass, opal	0.87
Gold not polished	0.47
Gold highly polished	0.02 - 0.04
Granite, natural surface	0.96
Gravel	0.28
Gypsum	0.85
Ice smooth	0.966
Ice rough	0.985
Inconel X Oxidized	0.71
Iron polished	0.14 - 0.38
Iron, plate rusted red	0.61
Iron, dark gray surface	0.31
Iron, rough ingot	0.87 - 0.95
Lampblack paint	0.96
Lead pure unoxidized	0.057 - 0.075
Lead Oxidized	0.43
Limestone	0.90 - 0.93
Lime wash	0.91
Magnesia	0.72
Magnesite	0.38
Magnesium Oxide	0.20 - 0.55
Magnesium Polished	0.07 - 0.13
Marble White	0.95
Masonry Plastered	0.93
Mercury liquid	0.1
Mild Steel	0.20 - 0.32
Molybdenum polished	0.05 - 0.18
Mortar	0.87
Nickel, electroplated	0.03
Nickel, polished	0.072
Nickel, oxidized	0.59 - 0.86
Nichrome wire, bright	0.65 - 0.79
Oak, planed	0.89
Oil paints, all colors	0.92 - 0.96
Paper offset	0.55
Plaster	0.98
Platinum, polished plate	0.054 - 0.104
Pine	0.84
Plaster board	0.91
Porcelain, glazed	0.92
Paint	0.96
Paper	0.93
Plaster, rough	0.91
Plastics	0.90 - 0.97
Polypropylene	0.97
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)	0.92
Polyethylene, black plastic	0.92
Porcelain glazed	0.93
Pyrex	0.92
PVC	0.91 - 0.93
Quartz glass	0.93
Roofing paper	0.91
Rubber, foam	0.9
Rubber, hard glossy plate	0.94
Rubber, natural hard	0.91
Rubber, natural soft	0.86
Salt	0.34
Sand	0.9
Sandstone	0.59
Sapphire	0.48
Sawdust	0.75
Silica	0.79
Silicon Carbide	0.83 - 0.96
Silver Polished	0.02 - 0.03
Snow	0.96 - 0.98
Soil	0.90 - 0.95
Steel Oxidized	0.79
Steel Polished	0.07
Stainless Steel, weathered	0.85
Stainless Steel, polished	0.075
Stainless Steel, type 301	0.54 - 0.63
Steel Galvanized Old	0.88
Steel Galvanized New	0.23
Thoria	0.28
Tile	0.97
Tin unoxidized	0.04
Titanium polished	0.19
Tungsten polished	0.04
Tungsten aged filament	0.032 - 0.35
Water (0 - 100 oC)	0.95 - 0.963
Wood Beech, planned	0.935
Wood Oak, planned	0.885
Wood, Pine	0.95
Wrought Iron	0.94
Zinc Tarnished	0.25
Zinc polished	0.045