Hazardous Areas - North America Classification
A comprehensive tool for understanding and classifying hazardous areas in North America using both the Class/Division/Group system and the Zone/Group system. Determine required protection techniques for electrical installations in locations with flammable gases, vapors, combustible dusts, or ignitable fibers.
Hazardous Areas - North America Classification
Electrical equipment installation in atmosphere with flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dusts, ignitable fibers or flyings represents a risk for fire and explosion.
Areas with possible fire or explosion risks due to explosive atmospheres are classified using the Class/Division system (North America) or the Zone system (Europe and increasingly North America).
Classification Systems
Class/Division/Group System
Based on Article 500 of the National Electrical Code (NEC):
- Classes - General nature of the hazardous material
- Divisions - Probability of hazardous material being present
- Groups - Type of the hazardous material
Zone/Group System
Based on Articles 505/506 of the National Electrical Code (NEC):
- Zones - General nature and probability of hazardous material
- Groups - Type of hazardous material and location
Class/Division/Group System Details
Classes
- Class I: Flammable gases or vapors
- Class II: Combustible or conductive dusts
- Class III: Ignitable fibers or flyings
Divisions
- Division 1: High probability - continuous, intermittent, or periodic presence under normal operating conditions
- Division 2: Low probability - abnormal conditions only, short duration
Groups (Class I: A-D for Gases)
- Group A: Acetylene
- Group B: MESG ≤ 0.45mm or MIC ≤ 0.40 (Hydrogen, Fuel gases with >30% hydrogen)
- Group C: MESG > 0.75mm or 0.40 < MIC < 0.80 (Carbon monoxide, Ether, Hydrogen sulfide)
- Group D: MESG > 0.75mm or MIC > 0.80 (Gasoline, Acetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Propane)
Groups (Class II & III: E-G for Dusts)
- Group E: Combustible metal dusts (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, Zinc)
- Group F: Carbonaceous dusts (Coal, Carbon black, with >8% volatiles)
- Group G: Other combustible dusts (Flour, Grain, Starch, Sugar, Wood, Plastics)
Zone/Group System Details
Zones - Gases, Vapors, Mists
- Zone 0: Present continuously or for long periods
- Zone 1: Likely to occur under normal operating conditions
- Zone 2: Not likely under normal conditions, short period only
Zones - Dusts
- Zone 20: Dusts present continuously or for long periods
- Zone 21: Dusts likely to occur under normal operating conditions
- Zone 22: Dusts not likely under normal conditions, short period only
Groups
- Group I: Mining locations with firedamp
- Group II: Explosive gas atmospheres (Zones 0, 1, 2)
- IIA: Propane, Acetone, Benzene, Butane, Methane, Petrol
- IIB: Ethylene, Propylene oxide, Ethylene oxide, Butadiene
- IIC: Acetylene, Hydrogen, Carbon disulphide
- Group III: Explosive dust atmospheres (Zones 20, 21, 22)
- IIIA: Combustible flyings
- IIIB: Non-conductive dust
- IIIC: Conductive dust
Example
A propane gas installation would typically be classified as:
- Class/Division: Class I, Division 2, Group D
- Zone System: Zone 2, Group IIA