Liquid-Liquid Solution - Shrinkage and Estimation of Density

Calculate the density of liquid-liquid solutions using the shrinkage estimation formula. This tool helps estimate the density of solutions where both solvent and solute are liquids, accounting for potential shrinkage effects due to molecular size differences.

Calculator

Inputs

Results

Estimated Density (No Shrinkage)-- g/cm³
Mass% Ethanol in WaterDensity Measured (g/cm³)Density Estimated (g/cm³)Difference (%)
00.9982——
200.96870.95641.27
500.91390.89382.20
700.86760.85201.80
1000.7893——

Formula

Density Estimation Formula:

$$\text{density}{\text{solution}} = \frac{x \rho{\text{solvent}} + y \rho_{\text{solute}}}{100}$$

Where:

  • x = weight % of solvent
  • ρ_solvent = density of solvent
  • y = weight % of solute
  • ρ_solute = density of solute

Important Notes on Shrinkage

  • Shrinkage occurs when molecules with relatively large differences in size are mixed
  • The resulting density is higher than calculated by the formula above
  • Shrinkage is largest around 50 wt% concentration
  • Effects of molecular shape and polarity also influence shrinkage
  • The formula provides an estimate only, with errors that vary with solute concentration