Liquids - Densities vs. Pressure and Temperature Change
Calculate the density of a liquid when changing both temperature and pressure. This tool uses the combined effects of thermal expansion and pressure compression on liquid density.
Liquid Density Calculator
The density of a liquid changes with both temperature and pressure. This calculator computes the final density using the formula:
ρ₁ = ρ₀ / ((1 + β(t₁ - t₀)) × (1 - (p₁ - p₀)/E))
Where:
- ρ₁ = final density
- ρ₀ = initial density
- β = volumetric temperature expansion coefficient
- t₁ - t₀ = temperature change
- p₁ - p₀ = pressure change
- E = bulk modulus (liquid elasticity)
Common Volumetric Expansion Coefficients (β):
- Water: 0.0002 (m³/m³ °C)
- Ethyl alcohol: 0.0011 (m³/m³ °C)
Common Bulk Moduli (E):
- Water: 2.15×10⁹ (N/m²)
- Ethyl alcohol: 1.06×10⁹ (N/m²)
- Oil: 1.5×10⁹ (N/m²)