Stress in Thick-Walled Cylinders or Tubes

Calculate stress in thick-walled cylinders or tubes subjected to internal and external pressure. Computes axial, circumferential (hoop), and radial stress at any point in the tube wall.

Calculator

Inputs

Internal Pressure (pi) (MPa)

External Pressure (po) (MPa)

Internal Radius (ri) (mm)

External Radius (ro) (mm)

Radius to Point in Wall (r) (mm)

Results

Axial Stress (σa)-- MPa

Circumferential/Hoop Stress (σc)-- MPa

Radial Stress (σr)-- MPa

Stress Type	Formula Reference	Value (MPa)	Location
Axial Stress (σa)	Equation (1)	(inputs.pi * inputs.ri * inputs.ri - inputs.po * inputs.ro * inputs.ro) / (inputs.ro * inputs.ro - inputs.ri * inputs.ri)	Throughout wall
Circumferential Stress (σc)	Equation (2)	((inputs.pi * inputs.ri * inputs.ri - inputs.po * inputs.ro * inputs.ro) / (inputs.ro * inputs.ro - inputs.ri * inputs.ri)) + ((inputs.ri * inputs.ri * inputs.ro * inputs.ro * (inputs.pi - inputs.po)) / (inputs.r * inputs.r * (inputs.ro * inputs.ro - inputs.ri * inputs.ri)))	At radius r (maximum at r = ri)
Radial Stress (σr)	Equation (3)	((inputs.pi * inputs.ri * inputs.ri - inputs.po * inputs.ro * inputs.ro) / (inputs.ro * inputs.ro - inputs.ri * inputs.ri)) - ((inputs.ri * inputs.ri * inputs.ro * inputs.ro * (inputs.pi - inputs.po)) / (inputs.r * inputs.r * (inputs.ro * inputs.ro - inputs.ri * inputs.ri)))	At radius r (maximum at r = ri)